Welcome to the ITK community @laqua-stack!
First, well done building the Python package. 
To make it easier, I have uploaded binary itk-strain Python packages to PyPI. Please try installing it in a new conda virtual environment with:
pip install itk-strain
Is there a specific way to find the correct naming convention of a remote module, wrapped for python?
To find out the content of the package, we can do the following:
from itk import Strain
dir(Strain)
which results in:
['ImageToImageFilter',
'StrainImageFilter',
'_LazyITKModule__belong_lazy_attributes',
'__doc__',
'__loader__',
'__name__',
'__package__',
'__spec__',
'image_to_image_filter',
'lazy_attributes',
'loaded_lazy_modules',
'strain_image_filter']
We know that the module is named Strain by the argument to itk_wrap_module.
StrainImageFilter is the ITK class that can be used for streaming pipelines.
strain_image_filter provides a functional, Pythonic interface to the filter.
Any suggestions? I am definitly missing somethin, sorry.
You are doing excellent 
– I think there is a bug in the wrapping that causes the confusing error. I will follow-up…